Friday, March 30, 2018

Summary of a Journal Related to TPACK #2


Analysis of Relationships between Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge  and Educational Internet Use
Ismail Sahin (Necmettin Erbakan University), Ismail Celik & Ahmet Oguz Akturk (Selcuk University), Mustafa Aydin (Necmettin Erbakan University)

            There are some basic skills teachers and pre-service teachers should have including general culture, special area education, and pedagogy knowledge to be successful in their subject areas. To accomplish this, teachers and teacher candidates should use information and communication technologies better to follow developments in their content areas, transfer contemporary approaches and teaching methods to their practices, and increase their level of knowledge in general culture. For teachers, technology is vital to develop their knowledge both in their areas of expertise and in pedagogy and general culture. For this reason, teachers should be able to integrate their knowledge in content, technology, and pedagogy successfully.
In this study, the writers used the TPACK model as the theoretical framework in the process of data collection and interpretation of the results. They conducted the study in a college of education at a large Turkish university in central Anatolia with the population of 8 departments. They distributed the survey to randomly selected students from these departments. Thus, the participants of this research study included 163 pre-service teachers. Of these participants, 91 (56%) were female and 72 (44%) were male. The participants received training on technology integration as part of their classes. In collecting the data, the writers used two research instruments. The first is a 28 items of Survey of Self-efficacy in Educational Internet Use while the second is a 47 items of Survey of Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge.
In the present study, the writers used descriptive statistics and correlation analysis to report relationships among the variables. They used the canonical correlation analysis method to determine the relationships between the level of knowledge for each domain of the TPACK model and the self-efficacy beliefs in educational Internet use. They also used Wilks’ lambda, a multivariate statistic ranging between 0 and 1 (Mertler & Vannatta, 2002), to test the significance of the relationship between the sets of variables. Using multiple linear regression analysis, they tested the relationships between the dependent variable, educational Internet use, and the following seven predictor variables: TK, PK, CK, TPK, TCK, PCK, and TPACK.
From the study, it is found that teachers who understand TPACK will have higher self-efficacy toward Internet use and therefore better integration habits around using the Internet. In this study, it is found that technology, content, and technological content knowledge domains are statistically significant predictors of pre-service teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs in educational Internet use.


Summary of a Journal Related to TPACK #1

A Review of the Literature: How Pre-service Mathematics Teachers Develop Their Technological, Pedagogical, and Content Knowledge
Melike Yigit, Purdue University (2014)
International Journal of Education
in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 2(1), 26-35.

Nowadays, teachers need to not only know and understand the content of materials they teach, but also develop their preparation program in teaching through technology. Based on the development of technology, Mishra and Koehler (2006) defined a conceptual framework on Technological, Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPCK). Their main goal is to describe and understand the goals of technology in teacher education. In 2007, the acronym TPCK was changed into TPACK.
Related to TPACK, this study aims to investigate articles in mathematics education researches that explored how Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers (PSMT) develop their TPACK and how their development impacts their future teaching of mathematics. In conducting the study, the writer applied qualitative study using systematic literature review in which the data is articles published between 2005-2013 as many as 45, which are downloaded from ERIC, JSTOR-Scholarly Journal Archive, and PsychINFO. Then, the articles were screened full-text to find the relationship with the subject studied.
From the data analysis, findings show that PSMTs’ active involvement in technology-enhanced courses is the major strategy to develop their TPACK and to improve their future teaching of mathematics. Therefore, mathematics teachers should utilize the TPACK framework to discuss how PSMTs develop and engage in their TPACK, how PSMTs’ TPACK development occurs through the stages, and how their own TPACK development impacts their perspectives about their future teaching. This review and existing studies would be used as a guide to help PSMTs’ TPACK development and their teaching experiences for their future teachings.

Thursday, March 22, 2018

The Summary of iTell Conference 2018: Call & Mall to Enhance Thinking Skill

iTell Conference 2018

"CALL& MALL to Enhance Thinking Skills"
Surakarta, March13th-14th, 2018


A. KEYNOTE SPEAKER

1. “CALL & MALL to Enhance The Thinking Process”

The keynote speaker of the conference is Dr. Gumawang Jati, M.A from ITB Bandung. His interest in applying technology tools for language learning indeed motivated the participants to be more technological literate, and engage with the millennial students. This is essential since the way teacher teaches in classroom influence students’ interest and motivation in learning. For example, students can practice listening not only from the recording in CD-RW but also other ways such as using smart phone applications, such as iTunes. It is more effective and efficient.

To improve students’ skills teacher also can look at teaching and learning resources from other tools instead of only books, for example, www.elllo.org, www.youtube.comwww.hotpotatoes.com,  www.breakingnewenglish.comwww.teachingkidsnews.comwww.learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.com, etc. In addition, there are some authoring tools we can use for interactive learning such as www.kahoot.comwww.edpuzzle.comwww.onlinequizcreator.com,  etc., and the creation tools for thinking skills such as www.padlet.comwww.writereadthink.orgwww.canva.comwww.screencast-o-matic.com etc.

Learning through media can also enhance students’ critical thinking and creativity. They can develop their interest and talent not just limited in classroom activities. It helps students’ get the better understanding about the materials. But still, such webs are just tools for improving students’ skills, and it is suggested that such tools are used at home not in classroom since they spend much time, and they cannot substitute the role of teacher in the classroom.

Talking about the technology for learning there is Artificial Intelligence (AI). This can help us do our work easily, for example, www.integralcalculator.com, Siri (IOS), Robin(android), Orai, www.analyze.academichelp.net, www.essay-grader.com, www.lessonwriter.com, etc. However, we cannot fully hand the responsibility over them. Teachers’ role in the classroom must be bigger than them. 

The speaker really amazed me. He delivered the material casually but easy to understand. In his age, he is aware of technology more than most participants younger than him. His eager to always learn new things opened my mind to always follow the technological development.


B. PLENARY SPEAKERS

1. “TPACK, The Concept and Practice in the Classroom”

Dr. Nur Arifah Drajati, or I, her student, call her Ma’am Arifah, is another inspiring presenter who made me realized that technology can help us in teaching learning process. From her, I know about TPACK (Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge). This is the new thing that I am interested in. 

TPACK is a framework for teacher to conduct the class in more effective way. TPACK is the newest version after PCK in which it is expected that teachers are not only aware of what they know about the materials and the way they teach in classroom, but also how technology is used to help students’ reach their learning objectives.

Applying ICT (Information and Communication Technology) in the classroom is one way to engage with students of 21st century who are familiar with technology in their everyday life. They may feel bored and less interested in the material if the class is conducted in traditional way. Here, technology has the strong influence in helping teachers develop the teaching tools. For example, in teaching writing teachers ask students to watch a video on Youtube about a topic. Then, students research the web, create concept maps, and create digital stories. The activity is effective and can improve students’ critical think and creativity without limit. TPACK is beneficial for both students and teachers since it promotes the active, authentic, and collaborative learning. This also supports teachers to have varieties in using technology in classroom.

In talking about TPACK, Ma’am Arifah made me realize that I am as a teacher will be must be aware of TPACK in teaching students of 21st century since this kind of framework is suitable for todays' learning.


2. Cyber Bullying & Child Protection

The second plenary speaker is Riezky Novyana. He is from British Council. The presentation was talking about the impacts of internet use. Nowadays the internet rapidly grows in all aspects of life, and the user is almost all ages from the children to the adult. Even it is predicted that in 2020 the number of internet connected devices is bigger than the population. The power of internet massively gives impacts for its users, and it created the digital footprint (a trail of data we create while using the internet), so every kind of our activity in the internet recorded well, and the data is forever and cannot be deleted. Therefore, we must be wise in using the internet since the poor digital footprint will be impacting on some aspects like not being able to work in some professions, unable to obtain travel visa to some countries, and being known to the police. 

The unwise use of internet also faces by children. They, who are lack of parents’ caretaking, sometimes use the internet freely. One of activities in the internet is social media. Actually they want to have self-actualization, self-esteem, love and belonging, safety needs, and physiological needs from family. It is apprehensive that they use social media takes their time more than having direct interaction with people in society. through social media, they can communicate with everyone all around the world. It is feared that such things will endanger their safety. Due to the activity, some crime happens such as kidnapping, sexual abuse, fraud, and others. The most popular problem is about cyber bullying. This case seems to be trivial but it can destroy children's self-confidence and even lead them to do bad thing such as suicide because what users post in the internet everyone as their follower can take it, and it cannot be deleted if they have downloaded it, so they can share the photo or info to everyone. It can improve the social abuse and other crimes, so parents must be aware of children using their own gadget.

C. WORKSHOP
1. Kahoot: Bring the Fun into the Classroom
The first workshop I followed was delivered by Grace Nathalia Clara Sabandar & Yessy Zakaria. They introduced a game-based learning platform, Kahoot, used as educational technology in classrooms and other learning institutions. The company was launched in August 2013 in Norway. The game platform can be used to review students knowledge, for formative assessment or as a break from traditional classroom activities.
Teachers should develop the technological skill since there is age gap between them and students. In addition, students nowadays need learning activities which increase their fun, challenge, fantasy, and curiosity, so Kahoot here is highly recommended. 

2.      A Small Step to Unpacking Students’ Design Thinking Skill in Language Classes

The second workshop is delivered by Mr. Gumawang Jati and Ms. Finita dewi. The amazing presenters that have many ideas about technology for learning. In their workshop, they explained and practiced unpacking thinking skills with partcipants as students. in designing thinking skill, the first step they did is playing the video about a topic, asking the participants to brainstorm the ideas in group (make a tagline and some information about it), create the draft, post the result on Padlet, make the design of poster, share and get feedback from other group, and present the digital poster. Along with the technological use, we were asked to create the poster using the www.canva.com. This made us easy to make the design and share to others.


D.      Parallel Session
1.      Paulus Widiatmoko
“EFL Teacher’ Cognition on ICT: Relevance for Training and Professional Development”
This first presentation on iTell 2018 is super good in which the presenter told so many applications and websites for supporting learning activities. He stated that learning English should not always in the lab room. We can use mobile phone everywhere everytime through some free applications. Through such way, students can also take some benefits like improve their learning interest, creativity, etc.
2.      Ayu Astriani
“Integrating Video Blog in EFL Class for Teaching Speaking”
The presenter conducted research using blended learning in 4 weeks, 1 meeting for each week, so there were 4 meetings. After each meeting students are asked to make a video blog about the material they got or activity they did. The presenter found that students' fluency in speaking was improves through this technique. It indeed brought change to their speaking ability especially the fluency.
3.         Eny Kusumawati
“The Effect of Watching English Movies with Subtitles on ESP Students’ Content and Vocabulary Comprehension. A Study Conducted at an Indonesian Polytechnic Engineering”
In the paper, the presenter conducted a research in Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya with the sample of students as many as 56 students of 5th semester in intermediate English proficiency level divided into 2 groups, experimental and control group. The data were collected through questionnaire to check students’ attitude toward the method, and quiz to check their English comprehension. There is pre-test and post-test for both groups. Both groups showed enthusiastic comprehension about the movie as their media for vocabulary comprehension. Both groups have significant development on movies’ vocabulary. But unfortunately, it did not follow with the comprehension, according to the statistical calculation, it proofed that the students’ comprehension did not develop as the other variables.


E. Conclusion

The conference is totally great. It greatly opened my mind to be the real millennial and to be able to use technology for learning tools. 21st century students need such things so they are not only comprehend in English as material taught but also have other skills needed in 21st century such as critical thinking, communication, collaboration and creativity. The use of ICT in classroom still have less attention of teachers of ELT who are still using the traditional method, so it needs to be popularize so that English can be a joyful subject for students.

F. Documentation